IGN

Imagining the Future of Assassin's Creed IGN Let's just avoid the clichéd Native American Princess love interest, ok? Tribal camps on the outskirts of settled areas could be used as a hub and point of research for new weapons and tactics – after all, some colonial irregular forces learned ... and more »

Editor's column: To this employee, state is gambling with more than jobs Marshall Independent Everybody was steadfast on the belief that Native American casinos need to survive, especially in the rural areas. This kind of gaming definitely, without a doubt, would hurt us. So it was important we did this. I'm not a public speaker, ... Gaming bills would hurt local communityGranite Falls Advocate Tribune all 2 news articles »

Alberta, Cold Lake First Nation in dispute over campground Vancouver Sun Alberta Tourism, Parks and Recreation spokeswoman Camille Weleschuk said members of the First Nation had been asked to leave the site Friday and if they refused, the government would "discuss the next course of action." The English Bay Provincial ...

Alberta, Cold Lake First Nation in dispute over campground Vancouver Sun Alberta Tourism, Parks and Recreation spokeswoman Camille Weleschuk said members of the First Nation had been asked to leave the site Friday and if they refused, the government would "discuss the next course of action." The English Bay Provincial ... and more »

Sculptor proposes design for city's OK Kansas.com A 38-foot-tall metal sculpture, designed to represent Wichita's aviation and American Indian heritage, is the proposed art project for WaterWalk. On Monday the public will get a chance to meet the artist and view a model of the proposed ...

San Jose falcon chicks named: Unita, Hermes, Shadow and Ahote' San Jose Mercury News The names for the falcon chicks perched atop San Jose City Hall include a messenger of the gods and a Native American word meaning "restless one." The four chicks' names were unveiled Friday: Unita for the female, and Hermes, ... and more »

The Guardian

Walker: Apaches take a stand for Geronimo Times Record News That set off a firestorm among some Native American groups and descendants of the Apache warrior who don't like his name associated with one of the most despised men in the world. The Senate Indian Affairs Committee even held a hearing to look into ... Osama bin Laden Dead but Charges of Native-American Stereotyping Live OnABC News Native Americans Change Profile Pictures to Protest Use ofMashable 'An unpardonable slander:' The controversy over the use of 'Geronimo' in bin ...89.3 KPCC ABS CBN News -Democracy Now -Voice of America all 1,568 news articles »

ABC News

Dick Cavett: The Week That Was New York Times (blog) As a sort of honorary American Indian (adopted in both Sioux and Crow ceremonies), I'm surprised I wasn't offended. But it never occurred to naive me that giving Bin Laden the code name “Geronimo” in this cleanly executed raid wasn't in fact homage to ... Code name: Geronimo?Tulsa Native American Times Why an accurate US account of the bin Laden attack is so importantChristian Science Monitor Al Qaeda Will Retaliate Following bin Laden's Death: RoyceSan Leandro India West Malaysia Star -TIME (blog) -Washington Post (blog) all 73,673 news articles »

AP – Children played in front yards and neighbors chatted under a cloudless sky Friday in a south Memphis neighborhood, yards away from the rising water of the Nonconnah Creek. More: continued here

ABC15.com (KNXV-TV) Flagstaff police arrest a handyman stealing items from clients in several statesABC15.com (KNXV-TV)That's when a Florida detective informed Flagstaff police that Morgan was wanted for multiple forgeries, theft and trafficking in stolen property crimes in Florida, had moved to Arizona and could be committing similar crimes in the area, police say. …Bogus handyman [...]

SB Nation Arizona Towers returns to Petco Park as Diamondbacks' GMUSA TodayTowers is in his first season as general manager of the Arizona Diamondbacks, who are a few games better in the standings than the struggling Padres. The teams opened a three-game series Friday night. Towers spent more than two decades in the Padres' …Arizona [...]

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Globe and Mail NHL, Glendale make interim deal to keep Coyotes in ArizonaFox NewsThe National Hockey League and the city of Glendale, Ariz., are expected to enter into another one-year interim agreement to work together on securing ownership for the Phoenix Coyotes to keep the team in Glendale. The Glendale City Council will vote …Hulsizer [...]

SB Nation Arizona Towers returns to Petco Park as Diamondbacks' GMThe Canadian PressTowers is in his first season as general manager of the Arizona Diamondbacks, who are a few games better in the standings than the struggling Padres. The teams opened a three-game series Friday night. Towers spent more than two decades in the Padres' [...]

AP – Singer Lady Gaga says she doesn’t agree with Arizona’s tough immigration law and wrote the song “Americano” as a response to it. More: continued here

Arizona Diamondbacks' Kelly Johnson stays in No. 2 spotAZ Central.com6, 2011 08:54 PM SAN DIEGO – Even with a .175 average and a .260 on-base percentage entering the game, Kelly Johnson remained in the two-hole of Kirk Gibson's batting order Friday night, a sign that the Diamondbacks' second baseman still has his …and more » More: [...]

In 1832, a war broke out in Illinois between the American settlers and the Sauk under the leadership of Black Hawk. The war lasted 15 weeks and resulted in the deaths of 70 non-Indians. While historians often call this Black Hawk's War, it was not an invading force of Sauk warriors, but rather a migration of men, women, and children.

In many respects, Black Hawk was an unlikely leader. He was not a physically attractive, charismatic leader who could inspire his people with his words. He was in his sixties at the time of the war. He was a traditionalist who honored the old customs and ways, never wearing white people's clothing or tasting alcohol in any form.

Background:

In 1828, the Indian agent told the Sauk that their village of Saukenuk had been sold and that it was time for them to move west of the Mississippi River. Mess-con-de-bay (Red Head) was adamant that the Sauk did not want to leave the bones of their ancestors. Mess-con-de-bay, a chief and a man of considerable standing, was simply dismissed by the agent as a "vile unprincipled fellow" and as a "poor trifling, mean, insignificant old man".  

In Illinois, both the Secretary of War and the state governor called for the removal of all Indians from the state. American squatters then took over a Sauk village while the Sauk were on their winter hunt. The American squatters were told that the Sauk were not going to return to the village.

Later that winter, Sauk warrior Black Hawk, concerned about rumors that the Americans had occupied their village, traveled alone through the cold, snow-filled countryside, to see for himself. He found an American family occupying his own lodge. Through an interpreter he told them to leave and not to trouble Sauk lands. The family ignored the demand.

By spring, squatters who had moved into the Sauk village turned their cattle loose into the Sauk cornfields. Black Hawk talked with the American Indian agent and was told that the Sauk should give up all notions of ever returning to Saukenuk again. The agent recommended that the Sauk establish a new village west of the Mississippi.

Disturbed by the agent's advice, Black Hawk went to talk with Wabokieshiek, the Winnebago prophet. Wabokieshiek, who was in his mid-forties, presided over a village that was generally described as a mixture of many nations. He told Black Hawk that the Sauk should return to their village and that there should be no trouble between the Indians and the American settlers.

Sauk leader Keokuk then attempted to persuade the Sauk at Saukenuk to join the new Sauk community on the Iowa River. Black Hawk looked upon Keokuk as a traitor to his own people and refused the invitation. Black Hawk and his people attempted to live in their traditional village in a peaceful manner.

In 1830, the Indian agent for the Sauk expressed the hope that the government would provide justice for the Sauk and prevent squatters from taking over their land. The government, however, put the Sauk homelands in Illinois up for sale. When the Sauk returned from their winter hunt, they found settlers with legal titles plowing up the graves of Sauk ancestors.

In 1831, Black Hawk's Sauk returned to their village of Saukenuk following their winter hunt. The Sauk numbered 1,200 to 1,600 people with an estimated 300 to 400 warriors. In previous years, the Sauk had returned to their village after the winter hunt in a peaceful manner. In spite of this peaceful past, the Americans responded by calling up a force of 700 militia volunteers to protect the citizens of the state from the Sauk invasion.

Once again, Black Hawk consulted with Wabokieshiek, the Winnebago prophet. The prophet told him to stay calm and peaceful. If they offered no resistance to the soldiers, the prophet told him, the soldiers would not force them to abandon their land.

The Sauk met in council with the Americans. Before General Gaines could make his opening remarks, Kinnekonnesaut jumped to his feet and spoke. Gaines became visibly irritated. He then simply read his prepared address. It seemed to the Sauk that he was unwilling, or perhaps unable, to talk with them from the heart.

Keokuk complained to the Americans that the Sioux make life difficult and dangerous for them west of the Mississippi. He also pointed out that it was too late in the season to plant crops. He suggested that the Americans allow Black Hawk's people to remain in the village so that they could harvest the corn which they had planted.

When Black Hawk addressed the council, General Gaines demanded:

"Who is the Black Hawk that he should assume the right of dictating to his tribe? ...I know him not-he is not a chief-who is he?"

Black Hawk told the general that the women owned the fields, not the men. Then a woman selected by the other women addressed the Americans. She explained that the women owned the land and that they had never sold any of it, nor had they consented to transfer any of it to the United States. Gaines dismissed her comments and said that the President did not send him to make treaties with women nor to hold council with them.

The general ordered the Sauk to move within three days. He did, however, agree to provide them with corn to replace the corn which they would be unable to harvest. Twenty-eight chiefs and warriors signed the Articles of Agreement dictated by General Haines. The Sauk were to cross the Mississippi and never return to Saukenuk.

In order to avoid any confrontation with the state militia, Black Hawk left the state, leading some of his people to Iowa. Here they found little food and starvation began.

As soon as Black Hawk left, the American militia moved into their old village of Saukenuk and burned many of the lodges. The volunteer soldiers also vandalized the Sauk cemetery.

The War:

Black Hawk led about 400 Sauk warriors and their families back into Illinois in 1832. Their goal was to reclaim their traditional village of Saukenuk. The result of this move was a series of conflicts known as the Black Hawk War. The initial response by the Governor of Illinois was to mobilize the state militia, and President Jackson was determined to crush Black Hawk. Indian agent William Clark (of Lewis and Clark fame) writes of the Sauk:

"a War of Extermination should be waged against them. The honor and respectability of the Government requires this: -- the peace and quiet of the frontier, the lives and safety of its inhabitants demand it."

A force of 275 American volunteers overtook Black Hawk who had only 40 warriors with him. Facing odds that seemed to spell disaster, Black Hawk sadly sent out a delegation to discuss surrender. Even though the Sauk delegation was carrying a flag of truce, the Americans opened fire. Black Hawk decided that if he was going to die, he would die fighting. Rallying his warriors, they made a suicidal attack against the larger force. They ran shouting into certain death, and then, to their surprise, the American volunteers broke and ran. In memory of the American commander, the battle became known as Stillman's Run.

Following their victory at Stillman's Run, Black Hawk led his warriors through the countryside, burning farmsteads and taking scalps.  In Illinois, they attacked the American fort on the Apple River. Following this they battled a militia force at Kellogg's Grove, killing five Americans.

At the oxbow lake of the Pecantonic in present-day Wisconsin, Black Hawk's warriors battled American militia troops. The eleven Indians in the war party were defeated in a matter of minutes. Militarily this was a minor skirmish, but psychologically and symbolically it showed the Americans that the Indians could be beaten.

At Wisconsin Heights the Americans again engaged the Indians in battle. The Americans estimated that they killed 40-68 Indians, though Black Hawk later claimed that he lost only six warriors. Unknown to the Americans, some Kickapoo had joined the fight and nearly all of their warriors were killed at Wisconsin Heights.

At the Battle of Bad Axe the Sauk were finally defeated. At this battle, more than 1,300 Americans attacked the Sauk. When the Indians tried to surrender, the troops set upon them clubbing, stabbing, and shooting. It is not known how many Indians died in the massacre.

About 200 Sauk escaped from the massacre at Bad Axe by making their way across the Mississippi River where they were attacked by a Sioux war party.

Black Hawk, Wabokieshiek, Chakeepashipaho, Little Stabbing Chief, and about 25 others slipped away from the band before the beginning of the massacre.  They made their way through Winnebago country and established a clandestine camp on Day-nik (Little Lake) near present-day Tomah, Wisconsin. They were discovered by the Winnebago traveler Hishoog-ka who then notified his village chief, Karayjasaip-ka, of the band's presence. The Winnebago sent a delegation which included Chasjaka, who was Wabokieshiek' brother, to persuade Black Hawk to end his struggle and turn himself in to the Americans. The Sauk returned to the Winnebago village where they were greeted cordially.

Black Hawk gave his medicine bag to Karayjasaip-ka. His medicine bag had been passed down from Muk-a-ta-quet, his great-great-grandfather, to Na-na-ma-kee, his great-grandfather. For Black Hawk, this medicine bag symbolized the very essence of the soul of the Sauk people.

Together with Wabokieshiek, Black Hawk set off for Prairie du Chien to turn himself in. At the Indian agent's house, an hour before noon, on Monday August 1832, Black Hawk and Wabokieshiek appeared at the door as if they had materialized out of nowhere. Thus ended the Black Hawk War.

Aftermath:

Following his surrender at Prairie du Chien, Black Hawk, the Winnebago prophet Wabokieshiek, Sauk chief Neapope, and several others were sent to Washington, D.C. This journey would greatly enhance Black Hawk's fame and reputation.

They had a brief meeting with President Andrew Jackson. While Black Hawk attempted to explain to the President why he had gone to war-saying that he had been driven to war by the injustices against his people-Jackson was disinterested.

The party was then sent to Fort Monroe in Virginia where they were to be imprisoned. While at Fort Monroe, there was a procession of well-known artists who painted their portraits.

After only four weeks at Fort Monroe it was decided to release the prisoners, but only after they had been taken on a tour of the United States to impress them with the immense size and power of the country. Throughout the tour of the eastern cities, the group was met by large crowds and were treated as celebrities.

In 1833, Black Hawk told his life story to government interpreter Antoine LeClaire who published it as Life of Ma-ka-tai-me-she-kia-kiak, or Black Hawk. The book became a best seller and went through five editions during the first year.

48th UMM Commencement set for May 14 on campus Mall Morris Sun Tribune In recognition of the campus's origins as an American Indian boarding school, an American Indian Honor Song will be performed by the Northern Wind Singers to recognize and pay tribute to the achievements of Morris scholars. ...

Winning Waterfall Names Announced by Cloudland Canyon The Chattanoogan Picking just two was difficult, with park officials choosing names that described the waterfalls' scenery and reflected on their Native American past. Waterfall #1 will now be called Cherokee Falls and Waterfall #2 will be named Hemlock Falls. ...

The Week That Was New York Times (blog) As a sort of honorary American Indian (adopted in both Sioux and Crow ceremonies), I'm surprised I wasn't offended. But it never occurred to naive me that giving Bin Laden the code name “Geronimo” in this cleanly executed raid wasn't in fact homage to ... and more »

Sunnyside air quality meets EPA standards The Durango Herald As part of a 2009 nationwide EPA initiative to understand whether children and employees in America's schools are being exposed to health risks, the Southern Ute Indian Tribe conducted air-quality monitoring at Sunnyside, which is within the tribe's ...

Students Raise Money to Clean Red Rock Graffiti KLAS-TV LAS VEGAS -- In November of 2010, teenagers vandalized a 10000-year-old Native American site at Red Rock Canyon. A group of middle schoolers were shocked at the damage and wanted to do something to help. ... and more »

Government offers payouts to Hispanic, female farmers who claim discrimination Orlando Sentinel The USDA previously settled similar claims with black and Native American farmers. No farmers in Florida have come forward with discrimination allegations, Pfaeffle said, but the USDA is interested in the state because of its high number of Hispanic ... and more »

Prescott police arrest man who allegedly choked mother after she refused to …The RepublicA northern Arizona man is in custody for allegedly assaulting his mother over money for gasoline. Prescott police say they booked 34-year-old Scott Jude Lewis into the Yavapai County Jail in Camp Verde on Monday. They say Lewis is facing charges of [...]

A critic speculates about what Shostakovich was really expressing in his string quartets. More: continued here

AP – A California proposal to outlaw the title ingredient in shark fin soup, a traditional Chinese delicacy, has turned into a recipe for controversy in San Francisco, a city that is nearly one-third Asian and home to the nation’s oldest Chinatown. More: continued here

Arizona gasoline prices still on the riseSan Antonio ExpressTucson has the lowest average gasoline price in Arizona at $3.61 a gallon while Flagstaff has the highest price at $3.86. Wyoming has the lowest price in the continental US at $3.63 a gallon and Illinois the highest at $4.31 a gallon.Arizona's average gas price hits $3.75Arizona [...]

Bogus handyman arrested in Flagstaff burglariesMiamiHerald.comAP FLAGSTAFF, Ariz. — A man is in custody in for allegedly posing as a handyman to burglarize homes in Arizona and Florida. Flagstaff police say 52-year-old Charles Robert Morgan was arrested Thursday night. It was unclear Friday whether he has a …Thief poses as handyman in FlagstaffAZFamilyBogus handyman arrested [...]

After an avalanche, a couple on a skiing holiday notice changes to their existence, in this eerie fantasy of isolation, marital love and the afterworld. More: continued here

Man Accused Of Assaulting Mom Over Gas MoneyKPHO PhoenixA northern Arizona man is in custody for allegedly assaulting his mother over money for gasoline. Prescott police said they booked 34-year-old Scott Jude Lewis into the Yavapai County Jail in Camp Verde on Monday. They said Lewis is facing charges of …and more » More: continued here

Prescott Valley man jailed after police find hundreds of child pornography …The RepublicA northern Arizona man has been arrested in a child pornography case. Prescott Valley police say 51-year-old David E. Quigley was taken into custody Friday. He's been booked in jail on suspicion of sexual exploitation of a minor. …and more » More: continued here

Arizona Public Media Episode 17: Jobs Picture Improves for College GradsArizona Public MediaAt Arizona State University and Northern Arizona University, increased recruitment activity and job offers also have been recorded. "After a long economic downturn, I'm happy that we're starting to see things look up," said Eileen McGarry, …Coconino Voices: Less state aid drives innovation [...]

CAMP VERDE – Christopher Furey, 44, will spend more than a decade in prison for his conviction of sex offenses with a 14-year-old Rimrock girl, both within his church and in the family’s home. In pronouncing the sentence, Yavapai County Superior Court Judge William Darrow called the case "troubling in so many ways." More: continued [...]

New York Daily News

With Budget Unveiling, Bloomberg Draws the Battle Lines WNYC "We are forced to do the best we can with what we've got. The state has shifted the burden from them to us." Following the unveiling of Mayor Michael Bloomberg's final budget, the battle lines are now drawn between the mayor and City ... Bloomberg to cut more than 6000 NYC teaching positionsCNN International Bloomberg's $65.7 Billion New York City Budget Proposes 6000 Teacher CutsBloomberg NYC Mayor's Budget Would Cut 1 Out Of 12 TeachersNPR Brooklyn Daily Eagle -Patch.com -The Associated Press all 331 news articles »

PROPOSED AMENDMENTS TO TOBACCO TAX ACT MORE PUNITIVE THAN CONCERNED WITH HEALTH DigitalJournal.com (press release) It specifically targets products that are grown or manufactured within First Nation communities and under the jurisdiction of First Nations. The Ontario Ministry of Revenue introduced these proposed amendments to the Tobacco Tax Act, on April 21, 2011, ... and more »

Archaeology workshop to be held May 28 Moberly Monitor Index Enrollment begins at 8 am If you like to collect arrowheads, the workshop techniques can also be used with Native American Indian sites. Participants should be able to walk freely about, have good use of their hands and be at least 10 years old. ...

Retirees on a mission to help primitive tribe KOAA Colorado Springs News Now, they've sold their store and are moving to Mexico to help an isolated Indian tribe that still lives in caves. "A lot of people say man you are craz," said Buz Fanning as he chuckled. "I don't feel crazy at all." The tribe's called the Tarahumara. ...

Codename Geronimo 동아일보 Preparing for World War II, Adolf Hitler sent about 30 anthropologists to the US to learn Native American languages. The most prominent case of native Americans mobilized as code talkers involve the Navajos during the Pacific War. ...

First Nations Seek Consultation Process Saskatoonhomepage.ca The Chief of the Kawacatoose First Nation says they were given just 30 days to respond to an environmental impact statement on the project and Darin Poorman says that's unacceptable. According to 7 south central First Nations, they've been trying to ...

RunnersWeb

Athletics: USATF Club Spotlight - Wings of America RunnersWeb Wings exists to better the lives of Native American youth through distance running. He explains that while the Wings program has been successful, the tally of trophies and individual accolades isn't the program's top priority. ...

Cahokia Mounds STLtoday.com Prehistoric Cahokia was the largest native American city site north of Mexico, with a population that may have reached 20000 — larger than London in 1250 AD Learn about the Mississippian culture, climb Monks Mound and visit the cool gift shop. ...

CBC.ca

Urgent Measures Needed for Citizens of Little Buffalo First Nation in Alberta ... DigitalJournal.com (press release) OTTAWA, May 6 /CNW/ - Little Buffalo First Nation in northern Alberta is in the midst of an ecological disaster and Assembly of First Nations (AFN) National Chief Shawn A-in-chut Atleo today stated that the federal government, the Alberta provincial ... Alta. oil spill behind illnesses, First Nation saysCBC.ca Alberta government putting Lubicon in danger: AtleoAPTN National News Lubicon Lake Nation updates pipeline leak responseiNews880.com HQ Grande Prairie -HQ Yellowknife -CTV.ca all 622 news articles »

my.hsj.org

Crazy Horse operations director dies at 55 Albany Times Union She also oversaw visitor education programs, arrangements for American Indian arts and crafts vendors exhibiting at the site and annual Native Americans' Day activities. The memorial drew 1.2 million visitors to the southern Black Hills last year. ... Ziolkowski Christensen, 55-year-old daughter of Crazy Horse president and late ...The Republic all 9 news articles »

Wisconsin's first people open their doors Chicago Tribune Gambling may be what comes to mind when considering a visit to American Indian reservations. And casinos do play a key role, generating money for schools, health clinics, day care and other social services. ...

ABC News

Submit this story Huffington Post (blog) Most American Indian tribal names are not the real names of the Indian nations. They were names given to them by their enemies or more correctly, the Indians who worked with the United States Cavalry to fight the Indians who resisted the white ways. ... Indian leaders cry foul over bin Laden 'Geronimo' nicknameUSA Today American Indians were hurt by the US military naming the bin Laden kill ...CNN (blog) American Indian leaders decry code nameDenver Post Tulsa World -Detroit Free Press -Salt Lake Tribune all 1,335 news articles »

AP – President Barack Obama has met with the assault forces who carried out the strike on Osama bin Laden and has awarded them a presidential citation. More: continued here

AP – Syrian security forces opened fire Friday on thousands of protesters demanding regime change, killing more than 30 people in a sign that President Bashar Assad is prepared to ride out a wave of rapidly escalating international outrage. More: continued here

ABC15.com (KNXV-TV) (blog) How to read the Cardinals' QB optionsESPN (blog)The closer the Arizona Cardinals get to identifying their next quarterback, the muddier the picture becomes for those not privy to the team's plans. What to make of it all? Rule out Gabbert. The Cardinals selected LSU cornerback Patrick …Arizona Cardinals Remain Favorite For Kevin [...]